Bryan Pearman, 24, is charged with aggravated child abuse, jail records show.
Mobile County Assistant District Attorney Nicki Patterson said deputies received a call from USA Women's and Children's Hospital in July telling authorities a two-year-old girl had been treated for injuries that did not appear accidental.
The girl had injuries to her head and face as well as marks on her neck that were consistent with having been choked, Patterson said. The girl had been in Pearman's care when the injuries were discovered.
Deputies continued to investigate the case and obtained a warrant this week.
Prichard Police officials learned of Pearman's imminent arrest during Thursday's City Council meeting, a source with knowledge of the case said. Coincidentally in that meeting, the council voted to confirm Jerry Spezial as the city's new police chief.
Mayor Troy Ephriam and Chief of Staff Eddie Brown have been briefed on the matter, the source said.
Pearman has been a patrolman for nearly 2 years. Before he became an officer, Pearman was charged in a misdemeanor animal cruelty case where his neighbor's dog was shot, court records show.
"All the other neighbors heard shots and pinpointed them to his house," a witness wrote in a 2010 deposition, "Dog returned to her front yard where she lay bleeding."
Pearman was fined and ordered to pay restitution, records show.
It was not immediately clear how the previous arrest was handled when Pearman was applying to become an officer.
The abuse charge is a felony and carries a maximum penalty of 20 years. Pearman is scheduled to appear in court on the matter October 21.